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Lang factor
In industrial engineering, the Lang factor is a ratio of the total cost of installing a process in a plant to the cost of its major technical components. The factors were introduced by H. J. Lang in ''Chemical Engineering'' magazine in 1947 as a method for estimating the total installation cost for plants and equipment. ==Industries== These factors are widely used in the refining and petrochemical industries to help estimate the cost of new facilities. A typical multiplier for a new unit within a refinery would be in the range of 5.0. When the purchase price of all the pumps, heat exchangers, pressure vessels, and other process equipment are multiplied by 5.0, a rough estimate of the total installed cost of the plant, including equipment, materials, construction, and engineering will be achieved. The accuracy of this estimate method usually is +/- 50%.
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